Middle English Texts

John Lydgate wrote the 'Lives of Ss Edmund & Fremund' at the request of his abbot, William Curteys, to commemorate the stay of the young King Henry VI at the Benedictine abbey of Bury St Edmunds from Christmas Eve 1433 to shortly after Easter 1434 when Henry was received into confraternity. The work survives in thirteen manuscripts or fragments, and BL MS Harley 2278, on which the present edition of the 'Lives of Ss Edmund & Fremund' is based, was the copy of the poem presented to Henry VI, probably before 1444. The 'Lives' consists of a prologue, the Life of St Edmund as books one and two, the Life of St Fremund as book three, a conc1uding prayer to St Edmund, an envoy, and an address to Henry VI. The volume also presents the three texts that make up the 'Extra Miracles of St Edmund' which are found in four of the later manuscripts of the 'Lives' and independently in one manuscript. This edition of the 'Lives of Ss Edmund & Fremund' is the first to establish the text on the basis of the readings of all the manuscripts, and is also the first to include the 'Extra Miracles'. The edited texts are followed by a commentary, textual notes, a glossary of proper names, and a selective glossary.

‘The Syon Pardon Treatise’ in London, BL, MS Harley 2321 is a Birgittine text from the second half of the fifteenth century. It has not previously been published and is unique except for eighteen lines found in Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 156. The Harley text covers ninety-one pages and has the form of a sermon aimed at a lay audience. Birgittine sermons were delivered in the vernacular and restricted in length. However, the length of this text is such that it could not have been preached ‘ad populum’ in its entirety; the term treatise is more appropriate and has been used here. Harley 2321 appears to have been made for one or more brothers at Syon who were in contact with pilgrims there.

The text provides a wealth of information on indulgences in late fifteenth-century England and insights that have relevance beyond Syon. The introduction contains detailed descriptions of the two manuscripts and discusses Birgittines and preaching, contemporary doctrine on indulgences and penance, and indulgences at Syon and other Birgittine foundations.

This volume brings together related examples of medieval didactic dialogues. Texts of this kind were designed both to instruct their readers or audience in doctrine, wisdom, morality, and Christian truth, and at the same time to entertain them through witty verbal exchanges, enigmas, and riddles. The texts that have been assembled here grew out of a common source that originated in Latin writing. However, no Latin text that can be identified as a witness to the source has survived, and to help compensate for this missing part of the textual tradition, the editors have reconstructed a Latin version using clues provided by the vernacular texts.

Those edited here are: the Old English Prose ‘Solomon and Saturn’, the Middle English ‘Master of Oxford’s Catechism’, the Old English ‘Adrian and Ritheus’, and the Old Icelandic ‘Dialogue between a Pupil and his Master’.