Biomedical and Life Sciences (R0)

This book presents the latest cutting-edge research on phase separation. It discusses the benefits and risks of phase separation for living cells from the perspectives of physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine.

Phase separation is a physico-chemical process that induces a single solution of solvent and intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) to separate into two phases, one phase containing only solvent and the other containing IDPs in the solvent. A key molecule in phase separation is the intrinsically disordered region (IDR) proteins (IDPs), mostly comprised of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). One of the major roles of phase separation is to generate condensates, membrane-less organelles including stress granule, Cajal body, and nucleolus.

Biological actions of phase separation in various aspects of science have received increasing attention in recent years. The book consists of four parts; Part I on physics and chemistry includes topics on structural biology of RBP FUS/TLS and chaperone for phase separation, computational approach of phase separation, and chemistry of G-quadruplex of DNA and RNA. Part II on molecular biology presents molecular mechanism of IDR sequence phase separation and potential cellular function of these labile fibers, formation of membrane-less organelles, and roles of noncoding RNAs in phase separation. Part III on biology covers topics from nuclear pore complex, developmental biology regarding force-dependent remodeling, and neurobiology and higher order brain functions. Finally, Part IV on medicine presents condensates and cancer therapy, pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases based on IDPs, and responses of microglia to amyloid. The last chapter highlights the latest topic on how the SARS-Cov-2 virus takes advantage of phase separation for its infections.

This book brings together the studies of phase separation in each area in a single volume. The comprehensive approach provides new insights to the research andwill benefit the readers by responding to the emerging needs for understanding phase separation.

This book illustrates the importance and significance of improvement strategies for pig farming. It covers various topics such as proper handling, general health care management, stress management criteria, and entrepreneur development through pig farming. The book also provides current useful information about the improvement through genetic enhancement, stress monitoring, and environmental impact on pig production and management. The behavior, welfare, and mycotoxins control in feedstuffs is elaborately described to make the book more lucrative. The chapters also describe recent advancements in pig farming, business management, and entrepreneurship for better pig improvement. Finally, the book also elucidates a comprehensive as well as representative description of the general health, management, and productive performance of pigs. The book is helpful for undergraduates, postgraduates, research scholars, academicians, farm managers, field veterinarians, and meat plant officers.

The book explores the interdisciplinary field that merges biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, and genetics to unravel the mysteries of biological evidence in forensic investigations. Delving into the core of this dynamic discipline, the book unveils how forensic biological scientists leverage a diverse range of techniques to address complex questions posed by investigative agencies.

The book meticulously covers different facets of forensic biology, from uncovering the origins of crucial body fluids to predicting the post-mortem time interval, while deciphering the cause and manner of death to individualizing biological samples. This book consolidates the latest breakthroughs in forensic biology and genetics, embracing both human and non-human DNA analyses, helpful for the forensic biological scientists. Chapters are written by researchers and practitioners from around the world.

This book serves as an indispensable resource for investigating officers, forensic scientists, medical practitioners, researchers, and students.

This book addresses the global issue of food security for the year 2050, when the population is expected to rise to 10 billion people. It is estimated that by year 2025 itself, the number of people experiencing acute hunger will rise to 270 million due to food crisis. Enhancing the existing sustainable agriculture activities to increase global food production is thus a necessity for achieving the sustainable development goal of zero hunger. This book discusses the creation of highly annotated crop pan-genomes that provide a snapshot of the genetic diversity. The advancements in genomic-assisted breeding techniques which enables restoration of a specie's lost gene repertoire are also covered. The progression of agriculture to automation or digitalization through high-throughput phenotyping techniques and big data analytical tools like artificial intelligence and machine learning is also discussed. Other important topics covered include systems biology approach, speed breeding, multiomics data interpretation and multidisciplinary breeding platforms. 

This book is a reference book for students, researchers, scientists and policymakers working in the field of agriculture, plant breeding and global food security.

This book explores advanced biotechnologies addressing environmental and industrial challenges. It bridges the gap between scientific innovation and practical implementation, showcasing how microbial, nano-biotechnological and biochemical advancements can drive sustainability across agriculture, industry, and environmental remediation. This book opens with a focus on soil health, highlighting biochar-based fertilizers and microbial interventions to rejuvenate degraded soils, enhance crop productivity, and reduce chemical dependency. It then transitions to pollution control, featuring microbial biosurfactants and CRISPR-engineered microbes for pollutant cleanup, nanotechnology-driven wastewater treatment and innovative strategies for radioactive waste management. Industrial applications are equally emphasized, with chapters on antimicrobial food packaging to combat spoilage and microbial carotenoids for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries

This volume of Microorganisms for Sustainability book series is a vital resource for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners. It underscores biotechnology’s role in achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in climate action (SDG 13), clean water and sanitation (SDG 6), and responsible consumption and production (SDG 12). By addressing both traditional and emerging fields—such as nano-biotechnology and microbial engineering—the book fosters interdisciplinary collaboration and inspires scalable, eco-conscious solutions for a resource-constrained world.