Lecture Notes in Physics

This open access book is a compilation of enlightening tutorial essays, showcasing the forefront of research by exceptional female scientists. This invaluable collection provides graduate students and researchers in the field with an engaging and pedagogical introduction to a wide range of compelling topics. Delve into the depths of theoretical and observational realms, exploring intriguing subjects including modified gravity models, quantum gravity, fields in curved space-time, particle dynamics, gravitational waves, and enigmatic black holes.
Embracing both the theoretical foundations and the practical applications, this comprehensive edited volume offers an accessible and all-encompassing panorama of gravity and cosmology. Moreover, it shines a much-needed spotlight on the significant contributions made by remarkable women across the globe, fostering recognition and admiration for their indispensable role in shaping this ever-evolving field.

This open access book provides a thorough introduction to modeling turbulent, dispersed, two-phase flows. It explains the physical phenomena and governing laws at play, followed by a clear and systematic overview of the statistical tools used to develop simplified or coarse-grained models.

With a pedagogical approach, the book uses practical examples to explain complex physical processes and stochastic methods, making it accessible to readers familiar with basic courses in statistical physics and applied mathematics. It also highlights emerging research areas and unexplored challenges in the field.

Designed as a self-contained resource, this book is ideal for graduate students and junior researchers in various branches of physics. At the same time, it serves as a valuable reference for experts seeking deeper insights into turbulent, dispersed, two-phase flows.

Elementary excitations in solid state physics.- Ideal Bose gas.- Interacting Bogoliubov Bose gas.- Superfluid helium Sounds and vortices.- Superfluidity of the two dimensional systems. Berezinskii Kosterlitz Thouless BKT phase transition.- Phonons in the solid state physics.- Density of the phonon states Debye approximation.- Phonon spectrum in crystals with pairwise interaction. Quantization of the lattice vibrations.- Phonon distribution function. Specific heat of the crystal.- Mossbauer effect. Diagonal processes with respect to phonon occupation numbers.- Neutron scattering on crystals.- An harmonic interactions. The damping of the phonon spectrum.- Phonon thermos conductivity in crystals.- Spin waves in ferromagnets. Exchange interaction.- Basic interactions in metals. Ion ion and electron ion interaction.- Electron electron interaction. Exchange hole for the wave function of two electrons with parallel spins.- Correlation energy for the interaction of electrons with opposite spins.- Charge screening in metals in the Random phase approximation.- Metallic hydrogen.- One electron excitations in metals.- Thermodynamics of metals.- Magnetic oscillations in metals.- The Cooper problem.- Many particle problem in the theory of superconductivity.- Thermodynamics of the superconductor.