Fear, Fear of God, God-Fearers

The contributors to this volume examine fear and fear of God as decisive factors in the religious and cultural worlds of ancient Judaism and early Christianity. Drawing on philological, historical, and anthropological perspectives, they investigate how emotions, particularly fear, informed ritual practice, social order, and concepts of the self. Biblical texts, Rabbinic literature, and early Christian writings are read alongside Egyptian and Mesopotamian traditions, thereby situating Jewish and Christian sources in a broader intercultural framework. Epigraphic evidence, such as inscriptions from Aphrodisias, provides further depth and comparative perspective.
Rather than treating fear merely as a sign of submission or religious coercion, the contributors highlight its complex role in shaping modes of communication, group identity, and cultural interaction. Their studies demonstrate how linguistic, literary, and ritual expressions of fear reflect wider processes of negotiation within communities and across traditions. This interdisciplinary approach thus exposes the conceptual networks in which fear was embedded, challenging reductionist models and opening new perspectives on ancient religious life. By bringing together leading experts from multiple disciplines, the volume advances scholarship on emotions, the sociology of religion, and the intercultural history of religions in antiquity, thereby offering essential insights for future research.