Engineering

The digitization of factories promises great potential benefits. The implementation of the various technologies for the smart factory is extremely complex, requires new competencies and necessitates significant investments. The question is: How can an industrial company successfully manage this transformation? For this purpose, more than 500 published use cases were screened. These could be categorized into 44 relevant use cases, which we describe in detail in the book. Our research has also shown that strategy and goal orientation must be at the core of the change. Furthermore, the combination of employee knowledge and use of technology is central to success. This led to the creation of our smart factory implementation approach. In various research and consulting projects we were able to apply this process and realize successful implementations in different companies. This 7-step process starts with the selection of promising use cases, followed by a prioritization step, adaptationto the company-specific context and a detailing of the information needs for the different management levels. Stringent project management helps the user achieve positive results that can then be rolled out on a global scale. This process is not only applicable to the "actual factory" but can also be used to design smart services for the factory of tomorrow.

 Content

Smart factory definition and characterization · The smart factory navigator · The smart factory framework · Description of the 44 use cases for the smart factory · Technology mapping in relation to the 44 use cases · Smart factory implementation process · Smart services for the smart factory

This proceeding features papers from EAI Mobility IoT 2022 – the 9th International Conference on Mobility, IoT and Smart Cities, which took place December 15-16, 2022, Bratislava, Slovakia and online. The conference focuses on innovative technologies influencing industry and connectivity sectors in industrial, urban, social and sustainable development. The papers cover many topics in mobility, including car manufacturing, e-mobility, smart cities, smart factories (Industry 4.0), smart logistics, social mobility, technological innovations, sustainability, multicultural development, Internet of Things sectors, etc. The papers are applicable to researchers, academics, students, and professionals.

This is the first book on the Which-Is-Better (WIB) Problem. These are questions that in daily life include such as “Which is larger, younger and stronger?".

The main objective of this book is summarizing WIB Problems in maintenance and reliability theory. Optimal policies of replacement first, last and overtime are derived and compared theoretically and numerically, and WIB policies are determined. Furthermore, the reliability properties of parallel and standby systems are compared, and WIB system is determined. These WIB Problems are applied to shock and damage models and backup and checkpoint models of computer systems.

This book presents research on how interpretable cognitive IoT can work to help with the massive amount of data in the healthcare industry. The authors give importance to IoT systems with intense machine learning features; this ensures the scope corresponds to use of cognitive IoT for understanding, reasoning, and learning from medical data. The authors discuss the interpretability of an intelligent system and its trustworthiness as a smart tool in the context of massive healthcare applications. As a whole, book combines three important topics: massive data, cognitive IoT, and interpretability. Topics include health data analytics for cognitive IoT, usability evaluation of cognitive IoT for healthcare, interpretable cognitive IoT for health robotics, and wearables in the context of IoT for healthcare. The book acts as a useful reference work for a wide audience including academicians, scientists, students, and professionals.

• Provides an overview of the latest R&D advancements in the field of ICT technologies inherent to a New Space vision;
• Considers visions and perspectives of space technology, including a through overview of satellite communications;
• Presents a system-level overview of future space networking and communications.

This book showcases Nigerian and South African experiences on space politics, policy and strategy vis-à-vis their development and security aspirations, while contributing to the broader African and the Global-South perspectives on the subject. Space policy in developing countries such as Nigeria and South Africa is motivated by utilitarian promises that space and the attendant technologies have the potential to advance development and security interests of the affected nations. However, several decades into the orbital journey of these countries, little is known of their space politics, policies, strategies, capacities and capabilities, and realisation of desired objectives. Beyond pure and applied sciences reductionism, this book offers social science perspectives on space studies in Africa, as it examines the intricate relationships of historical, geographical, social, demographic, economic, political, administrative, and strategic factors, nationally, regionally and globally thathave shaped research and development of space science and technologies, and their benefits, in Nigeria and South Africa.

This book presents the proceedings of the 8th EAI International Conference on Robotics and Networks 2024 (EAI ROSENET 2024). The conference explores the integration of networks, communications, and robotic technologies, which has become a topic of increasing interest for both researchers and developers from academic fields and industries worldwide. The authors posit that big networks will be the main approach to the next generation of robotic research, with the explosive number of communications and networks models and increasing computational power of computers significantly extending the number of potential applications for robotic technologies while also bringing new challenges to the communications and networking community. The conference provided a platform for researchers to share up-to-date scientific achievements in this field. 

This book presents selected, peer-reviewed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2024), held in the city of Da Nang, Vietnam, from September 18 to 21, 2024. The conference establishes a comprehensive understanding of the key elements that drive sustainable development, with a particular focus on materials, machinery, and methodologies. Building on this foundation, the conference seeks to provide a holistic approach that guides policymakers, industries, and researchers in aligning local technological advancements with global sustainable development objectives. This alignment is intended to support informed decision-making that prioritizes greener solutions, particularly in relation to materials, machinery, and methods.

The papers presented in Volume 2 of this proceedings book highlight cutting-edge advancements in materials science, machining, and renewable energy technologies. Key topics include butt fusion welding parameters, TiAl6V4 TIG welding properties, and CBN grinding wheel surface ability for precision applications. Studies explore single-point incremental forming, high-entropy alloy performance, and orthopedic trauma brace manufacturing using PETG material.

Sustainability features prominently, with research on ACC parameters for electric vehicles, proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and Simulink energy simulations. Advances in biogas-enriched syngas combustion and high-pressure die casting optimization further emphasize energy efficiency.

The authors extend their sincere appreciation to the International Organizing and Academic Committees of the Conference for their dedication and invaluable insights, which were instrumental in upholding the high standards of this event. The authors hope that this proceedings book will serve as a rich resource for academics, researchers, engineers, and students, fostering further scientific inquiry and innovation in the pursuit of sustainable development.

This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 8th EAI International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering in Health Services (COMPSE 2024), which took place September 10-12, 2024 in Laredo, Texas, USA. The full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from dozens of submissions. The papers are grouped on thematic topics: application of tools delivered by the COVID-19 pandemic; health services; computer and data science; and industry 4.0 in logistics and supply chain. The content is relevant to researchers, academics, students and professionals.

• Presents the proceedings of the 8th EAI International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering in Health Services;
• Includes topics such as computer and data science, AI tools and applications, and machine learning for optimization;
• Relevant to researchers, academics, students and professionals in communications engineering.

This book gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of waste valorization within concrete manufacturing, as presented at the 1st International Conference on Concrete and Circular Economy (CCE), held in Hammamet, Tunisia on 10-13 April 2025. Topics include Sustainability of materials and structural systems, incl. waste, Valorization of demolition waste, Design with natural fibre composites, Recycling of used materials, Decarbonation of concrete industry, Eco-design and eco-construction, Digitalization and 3D concrete printing, Life cycle assessment, Eco-friendly binders with low CO2-emission. The contributions were selected through a rigorous peer-review process and offer a comprehensive, multidisciplinary overview of research on the application of circular economy principles in the concrete sector for sustainable construction.

This book explores the rationale behind using incremental analog-to-digital converters (IADCs), delving into their theoretical principles, tradeoffs, and practical considerations in architectural and circuit design. The authors provide a general foundational knowledge, exploring the history of incremental operation and revising the working principle of free-running Delta-Sigma ADCs, in order to compare them with the incremental ADC. The IADC revises time- and frequency domain approaches to understand the incremental ADC as a periodically time-variant mixed-signal system. Various options for the reconstruction filter are revised together with system level design approaches and tools. The influence of non-idealities and countermeasures are analyzed and simulated. Enhanced architectures are finally explored and compared to give the reader a complete overview of the topic of Incremental ADCs.

This book is a comprehensive exploration of the fundamental principles and contemporary applications of cyber-physical systems (CPS) in various engineering disciplines. This book is structured into five thematic sections, each addressing unique facets of CPS integration and digital transformation in engineering practices. This book opens the discussion by examining the creation and utilization of digital twins and computational models in diverse engineering contexts. Chapter 1 focuses on the digital twin of a functional food product, while subsequent chapters address the modeling of gas well operations under flooding conditions, productivity assessment of horizontal wells with multistage hydraulic fracturing, carbonate reservoir acid treatments, and thermal power plant optimization with combined cycle gas turbines. This book transitions to the specific challenges and opportunities presented by CPS in chemical engineering. Chapters cover the analysis of rarefied flow formation in chemical technology apparatuses, parameter estimation for optimizing polymer compositions, and decision support systems for automating ore phosphate charge production. This book delves into the broader landscape of heterogeneous environments within CPS. Topics include structural-parametric synthesis of global optimization algorithms, the application of pass-through structures for ultra-wideband information processing, and numerical modeling of acoustic instability in supersonic flows. Discussions encompass molecular fingerprint-based analyses of chemical formulas in patents, flexible word linking concepts for verifying recognized administrative documents and quality control mechanisms for administrative document recognition. Chapters highlight integrated computer systems for coke oven battery design training, software for studying key distribution schemes, and formalizations of mental models in human operators. This book is intended for researchers, practitioners, and students interested in the intersection of cyber-physical systems and engineering in the digital era. It provides a holistic view of current trends and best practices, offering valuable insights into the transformative potential of CPS across various engineering domains.

P2P, Grid, Cloud and Internet computing technologies have been very fast established as breakthrough paradigms for solving complex problems by enabling aggregation and sharing of an increasing variety of distributed computational resources on a large scale. 

Grid Computing originated as a paradigm for high performance computing, as an alternative to expensive supercomputers through different forms of large-scale distributed computing. P2P Computing emerged as a new paradigm after client-server and web-based computing and has shown useful to the development of social networking, B2B (Business to Business), B2C (Business to Consumer), B2G (Business to Government), B2E (Business to Employee), and so on. Parallel Computing is an essential computational paradigm for solving complicated problems quickly. It divides a scientific computing problem into several small computing tasks and concurrently runs these tasks by utilizing parallel hardware and overcoming the memory constraint. Parallel computing is an important part of Cloud environment. However, there are significant differences between cloud computing and parallel computing. Cloud Computing has been defined as a “computing paradigm where the boundaries of computing are determined by economic rationale rather than technical limits”. Cloud computing has fast become the computing paradigm with applicability and adoption in all application domains and providing utility computing at large scale. Finally, Internet Computing is the basis of any large-scale distributed computing paradigms; it has very fast developed into a vast area of flourishing field with enormous impact on today’s information societies serving thus as a universal platform comprising a large variety of computing forms such as Grid, P2P, Cloud and Mobile computing.

The aim of the volume “Advances on P2P, Parallel, Grid, Cloud and Internet Computing” is to provide latest research findings, innovative research results, methods and development techniques from both theoretical and practical perspectives related to P2P, Grid, Cloud and Internet computing as well as to reveal synergies among such large-scale computing paradigms.

This book provides a practical end-to-end approach to open source technology in biomedical engineering, covering topics that range from hardware and software design to data acquisition, processing tools, and cloud-based storage. Biomedical device conceptualization, design of experimental evaluation studies, and moving from early-stage prototypes to shelve-worthy products benefiting from open source technologies are also covered. The technical chapters are complemented by working examples and address problems that new entrants and professionals encounter when developing work in biomedical engineering, human-computer interaction, physiological computing, psychophysiology, physiotherapy, and related areas. The book is enriched by case studies where open source technologies have been successfully used to accelerate new developments in biomedical engineering. Contributions are rooted in the state-of-the-art and latest advances in hardware platforms, Python for the signal processing and analysis components, and web-based technologies for the user interface components.

• Provides hardware, software, and product design guidelines;


• Includes source code, case studies, and application examples;


• Accessible to a broad audience interested in moving quickly from a biomedical idea to a solution.

This textbook offers a journey through the complex world of turbulent flows, beginning with their physical characteristics and progressing through the mathematical foundations of fluid dynamics. Readers will explore the transition to turbulence, spectral analysis, and the Kolmogorov theory, gaining insight into the nature and behavior of turbulent structures. The book then delves into advanced modeling techniques, including URANS and LES methodologies, addressing the closure problem and presenting various turbulence models—from zero-equation to hybrid approaches. With detailed theoretical formulations, practical case studies, and exercises throughout, this comprehensive resource equips students, researchers, and engineers with the tools to understand, simulate, and analyze turbulent flow phenomena in both academic and applied contexts.

This book is intended for anyone interested in the evolving landscape of engineering technology, particularly as it highlights the invaluable contributions of women in this field. By offering a unique perspective on a group of faculty, current and past students, the book not only inspires students to explore diverse career paths but also serves as a vital resource for mentors navigating the complexities of guiding young minds during pivotal moments in their education. The authors delve into the challenges and opportunities within and paths to engineering technology, providing practical insights and fostering a spirit of problem-solving and innovation. Reading this book means investing in a future where different voices are celebrated, and aspiring students are empowered to pursue their passions with confidence and clarity.

The book gathers several contributions by historians of physics, philosophers of science and scientists as new essays in the history of physics ranging across the entire field, related in most instances to the works of Salvo D'Agostino (1921-2020), one of the field's most prominent scholars since the second half of the past century. A phenomenon is an observable measurable fact, including data modelling, assumptions/laws. A mechanical phenomenon is associated to equilibrium/motion. Are all mechanisms mechanisms of a phenomenon? Scholars with different backgrounds discuss mechanism/phenomena from an historical point of view. The book is also devoted to understanding of causations of disequilibrium (shock, gravitational, attraction/repulsion, inertia, entropy, etc.), including changes/interaction in the framework of irregular cases of modern physics as well. The book is an accessible avenue to understanding phenomena, ideas and mechanisms by leading authorities who offer much-needed historical insights into the field and on the relationship Physics–Mathematics. It provides an absorbing and revealing read for historians, philosophers and scientists alike.

This book showcases the discussion about megaprojects carried out at the MeRIT (Megaproject Research Interdisciplinary Team) workshop 2022: the crisis, discontinuity, rising prices, and supply chains disruption force radical reflection for those involved in megaprojects. It raises a modern-day challenge, the creation of value for stakeholders. Indeed, the aim of the volume is to encourage readers to think more broadly, articulately and less stringently than the mainstream claims. There is a need to design, implement, and manage megaprojects by abandoning the old paradigm that leveraged solely on time and cost.  We need to move beyond that by going to explore the value generated, the positive impact on people, communities and territories. Economic, social and environmental sustainability takes on a new and broader articulation: issues of the circular economy applied to megaprojects are addressed and ample space is ensured for the inclusion of social needs in current practices.