Medicine (R0)

This comprehensive guide thoroughly covers the characteristics and presentations of childhood glaucoma, as well as all surgical options for treatment. Surgical Management of Childhood Glaucoma: Clinical Considerations and Techniques addresses a variety of surgical methods, ranging from angle surgery with recent modifications to cyclodestruction, reviewing each option’s particular set of advantages and disadvantages, and features illustrations and instructional videos of these techniques. Later chapters consider best-practices to providing surgery in developing countries, surgical considerations for patients with corneal opacities and cataracts, and the impact of glaucoma upon quality of life of pediatric patients. Written by leaders in the field of ophthalmology, this book offers readers an exceptional resource on the evaluation and surgical management of childhood glaucoma.

This book presents a comprehensive and modern approach to the imaging of nontraumatic and traumatic emergencies in pregnant patients. Readers will find a careful review of the relevant imaging-related clinical literature, explanation of imaging appropriateness criteria and guidelines, and enlightening discussion of current controversies in the emergency imaging of obstetric patients. The opening chapter discusses general principles of emergency imaging during pregnancy and offers an overview of an evidence-based approach to imaging interpretation. The remainder of the book describes specific applications of ultrasound, MRI, radiography, and MDCT for the imaging of common as well as less common acute brain, spine, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic conditions during pregnancy. Clear guidance is offered on the unique challenges that may be encountered during such imaging. Emergency Imaging of Pregnant Patients is written by a group of leading North American and Europeanemergency and trauma radiology experts. It will be of value to emergency and general radiologists, to emergency department physicians and related personnel, to obstetricians and gynecologists, to general and trauma surgeons, and to trainees in all of these specialties.

Comprehensively addressing the topic of the compartment syndrome, this book covers all aspects of this painful and complex condition, ranging from the history to the pathophysiology and treatment in the various body compartments affected by the syndrome, as well as the short- and long-term outcomes. With an up-to-date literature review and the innovative content written by international opinion leaders, it offers all  involved in the management of such complicated patients a much-needed source of reference.

Discussing compartment syndrome in everyday practice, this book is of interest to  surgeons, practicing physicians, anesthesiologists and nurses. 

This book discusses all aspects of non-pharmacologic approaches to primary and secondary CVD prevention. It highlights the strength of evidence for particular diet styles in CVD prevention, including plant-based diets, the Mediterranean diet, the DASH diet, and low-carbohydrate diets. Chapters present evidence and future directions for diet and nutrition in diseases related to CVD, such as dyslipidemia, cardiometabolic disease (pre-diabetes, the metabolic syndrome, type-2 diabetes mellitus), and obesity. Finally, the book reviews novel and emerging aspects of dietary intervention in CVD prevention, such as dietary approaches to inflammation and the role of the microbiome in CVD.

Up-to-date, evidence-based, and clinically oriented, Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease: Nutritional and Dietary Approaches is an essential resource for physicians, residents, fellows, and medical students in cardiology, clinical nutrition, family medicine, endocrinology, and lipidology.

This book functions as a clinician’s guide to the use of cannabidiol (CBD) in the treatment of mental health conditions. It conveys the scientific evidence of efficacy of CBD as well as THC and addresses the social stigma attached to its medical use.

The book describes the endocannabinoid system, how stress and the endocannabinoid system interact and key constituents, pharmacokinetics and safety aspects of medicinal cannabis, focusing on CBD and THC. Chapters on specific mental health conditions describe the underpinning pathomechanisms including how the endocannabinoid system is involved, and summarises the scientific evidence including animal and human research for the use of CBD and THC in treatment of such conditions. Topics covered include anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, insomnia, Alzheimer's Disease and autism spectrum disorder. Chapters also discuss treatment guidelines and case studies.

Unique and focused, Medicinal Cannabis and CBD in Mental Healthcare is an invaluable reference for medical practitioners seeking to adopt CBD-use in their treatment plans.

This book provides an up-to-date, systematic review of all facets of emergency radiology in patients with head and spine injuries. The aim is to equip readers with a detailed knowledge of the various radiological patterns that may be encountered, thereby facilitating prompt diagnosis under circumstances in which time is of crucial importance. The indications, value, and results of the various emergency imaging modalities, including interventional radiology, are described and illustrated in the full range of traumatic and nontraumatic head and spine emergencies. In addition, basic management principles and technological aspects are fully explained, and protocols tailored to the mechanism of injury are presented. Emergency Radiology of the Head and Spine will be of value to neuroradiologists, interventional neuroradiologists, neurosurgeons, emergency radiologists, emergency physicians, radiology residents, radiology technicians, and all physicians and surgeons who work in emergency care.

This book provides a comprehensive and concise, review of the fundamental concepts and clinical indications for Transcranial Doppler (TCD) imaging.  An overview of the physics of ultrasonography as it pertains to TCD is presented, as well as neuroanatomy and cerebrovascular physiology in healthy and diseased states.  Recommended protocols for neuroimaging are reviewed and serves as a guide for existing neurovascular laboratories and medical systems seeking to develop laboratories that are in need of a guide to establish their own protocols. 

The most common, relevant and challenging clinical conditions where TCD is incorporated to assist with patient management are discussed.  In addition, chapters provide a framework for building a neurovascular laboratory, including necessary equipment, steps to obtain national accreditation by accrediting bodies, and reimbursement procedures for tests performed.  The book concludes with “clinical pearls” and“tricks of the trade”, which serve as a commentary to guide physicians and neurosonologists on best-practices for TCD acquisition and interpretation.

Based on the experience at one of the largest centers for craniosynostosis and craniofacial malformations, this book reports on the clinical use of a rare technique known as Frontofacial Monobloc Advancement (FFMBA), one of the most rewarding procedures for upper- and mid-face reconstruction in patients with faciocraniosynostosis, a rare craniofacial anomaly associated with premature fusion of multiple cranial sutures presenting with brachycephaly, orbital proptosis, maxillary hypoplasia and anterior crossbite.

Technical refinements and strategic planning have made it almost a routine procedure at the French Reference Center for Craniosynostosis and Craniofacial Malformations.

This easy-to-consult, well illustrated book includes technical tips and indications for its use in Crouzon, Pfeiffer and Apert syndromes. It also provides a protocol, including a proposed management algorithm for faciocraniosynostosis. As such, it will appeal to craniofacial surgeons, especially those at large craniofacial centers.

This book, part of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) textbook series, deals with dysregulated host response a relatively new term introduced by the Sepsis-3 definitions in 2016. In contrast to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that has been used for nearly 30 years, this is a fundamentally new concept, which requires some sort of a paradigm shift in the way of thinking of critical care physicians. This change obviously requires time and after 5 years, time is ripe to summarize the knowledge in the form of a comprehensive book.

The book is split in 4 sections. In the first one, the host immune response is explained in 11 chapters, followed by the next part, summarizing the possible tools for assessment at the bedside. The third and the fourth parts focus on the effects of dysregulated immune response on vital organ function and on the possible ways of immunomodulation. Written by internationally acclaimed experts of the field, the bookis of value for all those intensivists and allied professionals working in ICUs.

This book is a comprehensive guide to lung cancer screening for clinicians, healthcare systems, community leaders, and public health officials with the hope of creating a more equitable landscape in both lung cancer screening and lung cancer-related outcomes, at local, state, and national levels. Authors take a new approach to primary and secondary lung cancer prevention that is in the early stages of adoption in the United States. The last decade ushered in recognition of screening as an effective intervention, but unfortunately, despite the wide acceptance of the importance of this new screening modality, nationally, not more than 5% of eligible subjects have undergone screening to date in the United States, although in some states uptake has reached as high as 16%. As is common with any new preventive cancer screening, racial and socioeconomic disparities emerge in utilization, stage at diagnosis, and mortality. Over time, these disparities decline, but consequential differences endure. Therefore, it is critical to establish equitable screening practices. 

The true measure of the effectiveness of any lung cancer screening program needs to be viewed through the lens of its impact on populations, including those most affected by the morbidity and mortality of smoking-related illness and lung cancer. As such, this book emphasizes a number of important public health topics, including community outreach to vulnerable populations, social justice issues, addressing stigma and fatalism in the general community, and the use of geocoding to assess a program’s impact at a population level. This book weaves traditional topics related to lung cancer screening, such as promoting initial and repeat screening, interpreting Lung RADs, and managing the follow-up of findings, into the population perspective in order to present a unified, comprehensive approach to the subject. Further, it serves as a guide that health systems, health care professionals, community leaders, and other stakeholders can use to achieve the promise of lung cancer screening.

This book provides a practical, evidence-based approach to controversies in the management of thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Thyroid nodules are a commonly encountered clinical entity, identified in 2-6% of the population by palpation, and 20-35% by ultrasound. DTC is the solid organ cancer with the most rapidly increasing incidence (>50,000 new cases in the U.S. annually). Despite extensive research and multiple published comprehensive practice guidelines, numerous controversies remain within this field covering a wide range of issues, including incidence and epidemiology, radiographic evaluation, criteria for needle biopsy, cytopathologic and molecular diagnostics, active surveillance vs. operation for low-risk tumors, extent of surgery, indications for radioactive iodine treatment and external beam radiation, and optimal protocols for follow-up.

The book takes a case-based approach: each chapter will begin with a patient presentationhighlighting a particular controversial subject in thyroid nodules and DTC. The remainder of the chapter discusses the controversy within the context of current scientific understanding and clinical practice, using the latest evidence-based practice guidelines. Chapters conclude with a final review and discussion of the opening case, with options and recommendations for next steps provided. The recommendations are evidence-based and practical, intended to help guide practitioners in their ongoing care of patients with thyroid nodules and DTC. Each chapter was written by a recognized expert in the area of controversy, including endocrine surgeons, endocrinologists, radiologists, medical oncologists, and nuclear medicine specialists.

This book aims to highlight the importance of the development of health conditions and demand for the application of noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) outside the intensive care units (ICUs); the diversification of possible scenarios outside the ICUs; the need to establish references that consolidate this phenomenon and the healthcare organizations models.

Although the literature that clearly determine the indications and aids on the use of NIMV is considerable, this volume, pointing out the diversity of different healthcare models to define how to organize NIMV outside the ICUs, shed a light and bring a clear benefit to the scientific community involved.

The book is structured in eleven main sections analyzing the epidemiology and trends for NIMV healthcare models and determining factors for these models outside ICUs.

This fully-updated third edition of Scleroderma: From Pathogenesis to Comprehensive Managementbuilds upon the well-regarded approach in the previous editions to provide integrated, concise, and up-to-date synthesis of current concepts of pathogenesis and modern approaches to management of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). With a multidisciplinary approach to comprehensive care, this book is easily accessible for health care professionals in many fields. Comprised of the authoritative work of international experts, the new edition includes extensive updated material reflecting major developments in the field. It presents a succinct and thoughtful synthesis of current pathomechanistic concepts, providing a valuable reference tool for basic and translational investigators working in the field.  Scleroderma: From Pathogenesis to Comprehensive Management serves as an essential, all-inclusive and fully up to date resource for rheumatologists, pulmonologists, cardiologists, gastroenterologists, nephrologists and all those involved in the care of scleroderma patients.

This book outlines the basic structure and processes of family medicine residency education programs. Family medicine residency programs are complex adaptive learning organizations that involve people, processes, procedures, buildings, budgets, high stakes, mistakes, mission statements, strategies, schedules, curricula, faculty, and residents. Residency program faculty are faced with many challenges, and this book gives them and others who are interested or involved in residency programs a clear and comprehensive breakdown of family medicine graduate medical education.

The volume opens with detailed overviews of several family medicine organizations that support residency programs and faculty. Subsequent chapters cover a range of topics, including best practices in resident assessment and evaluation and best practices pertinent to the development of teaching and administrative skills for faculty. Furthermore, chapters explain necessary residency education accreditation requirements, which includes the understanding of the accreditation requirements, board certification requirements, Medicare graduate medical education funding policies, and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMMS) billing regulations. All authors have been family medicine residency program directors or faculty or have been intimately involved in residency program education.

Graduate Medical Education in Family Medicine offers residency program directors, faculty, and residency administrators a wide-ranging and comprehensive overview of family medicine residency education as well as specific administrative and educational best practices for residency education. This book will also be useful to those physicians with experience in their clinical field, but not in educational pedagogy and andragogy.

Written and edited by leading international authorities in the field, this book provides an in-depth review of knowledge of human hippocampus, and role of the hippocampus in memory, cognition and learning.

It includes informative chapters organized into two main groups: (1), fundamental information about the human hippocampus, including history, development, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neuropathology, structural and synaptic plasticity, volume, 3D visualition of the human hippocampus and etc.; and (2) role of the hippocampus in memory, cognition and learning, including role of the hippocampus in cognition, time and memory, learning and etc.

There are some unique features about this book: cross-references within chapters to highlight connections between development, anatomy, physiology, pathology, and surgery, real-world examples to illustrate key points and practical applications, summaries of the latest research to keep readers informed of cutting-edge developments.

Thus, this comprehensive reference book will be an ideal source for neuroscientists at all levels, from graduate students to researchers in specific disciplines studying this region including neurosurgeons, neurologists, neuroradiologists, neuroanatomists and psychiatrists who seek both basic and more advanced information regarding the human hippocampus.

Written and edited by leading international authorities in the field, this book provides an in-depth review of the knowledge of the lesions of the scalp and cranial vault, with emphasis on their accurate diagnosis and the medical and often multidisciplined surgical approach to treating these disease processes.  It includes chapters, organized into six main groups: first, general characteristics of lesions of the scalp and calvarium, including definitions, classifications, history, anatomy and histology, regeneration, clinical and imaging features; secondly, congenital and anatomic variants of the scalp and calvarium, including craniosynostosis and craniopagus conjoined twins; thirdly, benign disorders of the scalp and calvarium, including benign lesions with and without atrophy and neoplasms, scarring and pressure sores, and metabolic disorders; fourthly, traumatic, vascular and infectious lesions of the scalp and calvarium, including iatrogenic lesions, infectious or inflammatory, and vascular lesions and malformations; fifthly, malignant neoplasms and secondary malignancies of the scalp and calvarium, including hematologic and intracranial neoplasms; and sixthly, treatment and outcome for lesions of the scalp and calvarium, including nonsurgical treatment, principles of surgery, postoperative complications, prognosis as well as the medicolegal aspects related to these lesions.

The uniqueness of this compilation lies in the fact that all aspects of these disease entities are compiled into one singular definitive work. All these issues are adequately addressed with clinical illustrations and examples.

This comprehensive reference book is an ideal source for neuroscientists at all levels, from graduate students to researchers in specific disciplines studying this region including neurosurgeons, neurologists, pediatricians, plastic and reconstructive surgeons, neuroradiologists, neuropathologists, dermatologists, and neuroscientists in developmental neuroscience who seek both basic and more advanced information regarding the lesions of the scalp and cranial vault.

This thoroughly updated practical book describes a systematic approach to ultrasound examination of the fetal heart based on accepted screening recommendations.  The content is enhanced by images and videos of both normal and abnormal sonographic findings that brings the topic to life and provides the reader with critical clinical information on best practice.

Fetal Cardiology: A Practical Approach to Diagnosis and Management goes further than simply describing core screening views. It includes extended views of the fetal heart, the use of Doppler techniques and assessment of fetal cardiac function. “Variants” that can be encountered in practice are described as well as the features of the major groups of cardiac abnormalities and fetal arrhythmias. Because the authors include experienced fetal and paediatric cardiologists, the focus is not only on diagnostic features but also the approach to postnatal care and prognosis. This content is enhanced by inclusion of chapters relating to associated fetal abnormalities, the genetics of congenital heart disease and new imaging modalities such as MRI of the fetal heart. 

This book equips those using ultrasound to image the fetus with a clear concise reference to meet the challenge of new guidelines and to expand their knowledge of complementary echocardiographic techniques and management. It details why prenatal recognition of congenital heart disease is being prioritised to allow for parental choice, recognition of associated abnormalities and improvement of postnatal outcome. As such, this book is a vital resource for all professionals, whether they be a cardiologist, fetal medicine specialist, sonographer or midwife.

In a publication in the Lancet by the Global Burden of Disease Collaborators, peripheral artery disease (PAD) was noted to be a major public health concern due to its “high and rising prevalence.” Intermittent claudication (IC) is the most common symptomatic manifestation of PAD, causing significant disability and reductions in health-related quality of life. While, at the global level, there is concern for gross under-treatment of PAD, here in the US, there has been growing concern for over-treatment of IC. It is clear that IC is a topic that warrants a dedicated, thorough, evidence-based resource that can help vascular specialists gain a comprehensive understanding of IC and how to best approach and engage patients in their care.

This book reviews the current literature and clinical practices related to a patient-centered approach to claudication, from the anatomy, physiology and epidemiology related to IC to diagnosis, risk factors and management techniques, including pharmacology, exercise therapy, and open and endovascular revascularization. There are sections dedicated to outcome disparities, the psychological impact of IC, patient preference science and cost effectiveness. There is also a patient-facing brochure and educational poster that can be accessed and downloaded freely. The content is geared toward a range of providers, from practicing vascular specialists and primary care providers to those in vascular training programs. Future directions for treatment and research, as well as an assessment of unmet needs, round out the presentation.

This book is a compendium of the worldwide studies of gene therapy in neurologic conditions, that are registered with the United States National Institutes of Health website, clinicaltrials.gov. Clinicaltrials.gov is the largest listing of research studies in the world. The study titles are provided, as is the country of origin and the Clinical Trial Number in order to make it easier for the reader to locate the study and obtain further information. The book covers topics such as Alzheimer's Disease, Huntington's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Muscular Dystrophy, Frontotemporal Dementia, Epilepsy, and many more. Chapters will examine currently recruiting studies as well as soon-to-be recruiting studies. 

Neurologic Gene Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Global Clinical Trials will be a valuable resource for neurologists, neurosurgeons, related and allied physicians, PhDs, and researchers. 

This book grounds the work of street mental health within the lived realities of the people it serves, emphasizing the importance of trauma and context of care, and how these factors shape the experience of homelessness and engagement with mental health care. With the rise in homelessness has come a growing movement of street medicine—healthcare delivered directly to individuals who live on the streets, in encampments, or within emergency shelters. While physical health services are relatively well-integrated into street medicine models, mental health care remains underdeveloped and poorly resourced. There is a pressing need for guidance, reflection, and solidarity in this space.

The authors have nearly fifty years of combined experience working in street-based mental health services across North America. Much in this field has not yet been formally researched or codified; many insights have been gained through trial, error, and the wisdom of those served. The authors’ goal is to share what they have learned in a way that is honest, grounded, and helpful. The opening chapters discuss the individual, collective, historical, and structural traumas that are common in the vulnerably housed population and how these should inform engagement, diagnosis, and treatment. Subsequent chapters explore the complexities of and practical strategies for conducting mental health assessments and prescribing medications on the street. The authors discuss the importance of building and working in teams to adapt to the chaos that street medicine clinicians and their patients frequently encounter. The book closes with a discussion of psychosocial interventions for individuals experiencing homelessness, emphasizing their potential effectiveness despite implementation challenges. Chapters emphasize harm reduction and include case studies and dialogues to aid understanding.

The primary audience of Street Mental Health Handbook is front-line clinicians—physicians, nurses, outreach workers, social workers, and others—who are new to the field of street mental health or are seeking to deepen their understanding of it. For those already embedded in this work, the authors hope it will serve as a practical and reflective guide that acknowledges the unique challenges and rewards of working with people who are homeless and living with mental illness.

This new book in the series focuses on the complexities of contraception, covering the latest advancements and controversies in the field, and offers a comprehensive exploration of the ethical, medical, and practical dimensions of contraception in modern healthcare.

It provides diverse perspectives on reproduction, including religious and cultural viewpoints, and valuable insights into natural methods of family planning. The fundamental principles and effects of hormonal contraception, from molecular mechanisms to cardiovascular safety, are given enabling informed decision-making in clinical practice.

This book navigates the nuanced considerations for contraception at various life stages, from adolescence to perimenopause, and explores the intricacies of combined hormonal contraception and its impact on health. Individual risks and metabolic effects are discussed, empowering the reader to tailor contraceptive strategies to suit the unique needs of each patient.

Written by leading experts in the field, this book serves as an indispensable resource for navigating the current multifaceted landscape of contraception in clinical practice, and a valuable resource for gynecologists, obstetricians, endocrinologists, general practitioners and all specialists dealing with reproductive health.