Engineering (R0)

This book presents recent results on fault diagnosis and condition monitoring of airborne electromechanical actuators, illustrating both algorithmic and hardware design solutions to enhance the reliability of onboard more electric aircraft.

The book is written with the idea of providing practical guidelines on the development of fault diagnosis and monitoring algorithms for airborne electromechanical actuators. It will be of interest to practitioners in aerospace, mechanical, electronic, reliability and systems engineering, as well as researchers and postgraduates interested in dynamical systems, automatic control and safety-critical systems.

Advances in Industrial Control reports and encourages the transfer of technology in control engineering. The rapid development of control technology has an impact on all areas of the control discipline. The series offers an opportunity for researchers to present an extended exposition of new work in all aspects of industrial control.

This book discusses the trust models for next-generation Blockchain ecosystems. The book provides a comprehensive discussion on various trust factors involving security, anonymization, reputation, governance, economic models, and other relevant determinants. The book covers various topics in breadth and depth. In addition, it sets the foundation to involve the readers in understanding the core theories supplemented with technical and experimental discussion. The book starts by laying out the foundations of trust models in Blockchain ecosystems. The authors then provide a study of existing trust models Blockchain networks. They then provide identification of trust factors and discuss each trust factor. The book concludes with a future outlook of trust-enabling Blockchain ecosystems.

• Outlines the trust models for next-generation Blockchain ecosystems;
• Covers the trust issues in various Blockchain ecosystems running in public, private, consortium, and cloud environments;
• Features issues such has privacy, security, scalability, and requirements in Blockchain.

The book provides easy interpretable explanations for the key technologies involved in Electric Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles. The authors discuss the various electrical machines, drives, and controls used in EV and HEV. The book provides a detailed coverage of Regenerative Braking Systems used in EV and HEV.
The book also illustrates the battery technology and battery management systems in EV and HEV.  This book is intended for academicians, researchers and industrialists.

In addition, this book has the following features

• Discusses the various Economic and Environmental Impact of Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles
• Discusses the role of Artificial Intelligence in Electric / Hybrid Electric Vehicles
• Illustrates the concept of Vehicle to Grid Technology and the smart charging station infrastructure and issues involved in the same
• Elucidates the concept of Internet of Vehicles
• Presents the latest research and applications in alternate energy vehicles 

Few people know what wandering spurs are; fewer still know how to get rid of them. This book, which is written by those who raised awareness of wandering spurs, explained how they arise, and invented ways to get rid of them, contains valuable insights, analytical techniques and examples that will enable the reader to become an expert in the area. The book is aimed at circuit design professionals who need to ensure that their designs are not compromised by wandering spurs. In addition to insights, theory, and analysis, it contains practical circuit solutions, the performance of which are characterized experimentally.

This book explains—using simulation, analysis, and experimental measurements—what wandering spurs are, how they arise, how to characterize them and, most importantly, how to get rid of them. The authors present not only theoretical analysis and simulation strategies, but also provide an overview of spectral analysis techniques for studying the phenomenon and convincing experimental results from both commercially available and custom-designed monolithic synthesizers. 

• Explains what wandering spurs are and how they differ qualitatively from the well-known fixed spurs that plague fractional-N frequency synthesizers;
• Provides analytical and simulation methods to study wandering spurs and original analysis of the cause of this recently reported spectral phenomenon;
• Presents and analyses theoretical designs based on a conventional MASH 1-1-1 to mitigate wandering spurs;
• Describes measured performance for the discussed designs, confirming their effectiveness in mitigating wandering spurs.

This book covers a variety of topics and trends related to blockchain technology for smart era applications. The applications span industries such as health, government, energy management, manufacturing, finance, information systems, all far beyond blockchain's original use in cryptocurrency. The authors present variants, new models, practical solutions, and technological advances related to blockchain in these fields and more. The applications within these fields include blockchain and cyber-security, IoT security and privacy using blockchain, and blockchain in industries and society . A variety of case studies are also included. The book is applicable to researchers, professionals, students, and professors in a variety of fields in communications engineering.

• Presents the proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Mobile Wireless Middleware, Operating Systems and Applications (MOBILWARE 2021);
• Topics include 5G wireless communication, wireless sensor networks, knowledge extraction, and instantaneous availability;
• Relevant to researchers, students, and engineers involved in wireless technology and its applications.

The book presents the proceedings of the 6th EAI International Conference on Management of Manufacturing Systems (MMS 2021), which took place online on October 6, 2021. The conference covered management of manufacturing systems with support for Industry 4.0, logistics and intelligent manufacturing systems and applications, cooperation management and its effective applications. Topics include RFID applications, economic impacts in logistics, ICT support for Industry 4.0, industrial and smart logistics, intelligent manufacturing systems and applications, and much more.

This book features the proceedings of the 4^th EAI International Conference on Big Data Innovation for Sustainable Cognitive Computing (BDCC 2021). The papers feature detail on cognitive computing and its self-learning systems that use data mining, pattern recognition and natural language processing (NLP) to mirror the way the human brain works. This international conference focuses on technologies from knowledge representation techniques and natural language processing algorithms to dynamic learning approaches. Topics covered include Data Science for Cognitive Analysis, Real-Time Ubiquitous Data Science, Platform for Privacy Preserving Data Science, and Internet-Based Cognitive Platform.

This book focuses on advanced techniques used for feature extraction, analysis, recognition, and classification in the area of biomedical signal and image processing. Contributions cover all aspects of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning in the field of biomedical signal and image processing using novel and unexplored techniques and methodologies. The book covers recent developments in both medical images and signals analyzed by artificial intelligence techniques. The authors also cover topics related to development based artificial intelligence, which includes machine learning, neural networks, and deep learning. This book will provide a platform for researchers who are working in the area of artificial intelligence for biomedical applications.

• Provides insights into medical signal and image analysis using artificial intelligence;
• Includes novel and recent trends of decision support system for medical research;
• Outlines employment of evolutionary algorithms for biomedical data, big data analysis for medical databases, and reliability, opportunities, and challenges in clinical data.

This book provides the interplay between digital transformation, industry 4.0 technologies, and sustainable supply chain performance. The book mainly focuses on presenting case studies and empirical studies demonstrating how the industry 4.0 technologies interact with the conventional manufacturing practices such as lean manufacturing, circular economy practices, total quality management, and maintenance management, while achieving enhanced sustainable supply chain performance. The book guides the practitioners to consider the status of conventional supply chains in their organisations while designing industry 4.0 systems. This book is a useful resource for researchers and academicians to understand the interplay between existing technologies, industry 4.0 technologies, and sustainable performance in the digital transformation journey.

This book focuses on the integration of IoT and computer aided systems for the development of smart buildings. The scope of the book includes, but is not restricted to, advanced technologies for monitoring, energy management, smart gardening, protection, safety, assisted living, and intelligent operations. The authors cover the wide aspects of interconnected smart services with convenient interfacing to the end-users. The features of this book include discussion on various aspects of IoT and computer aided systems for smart architecture designs and innovative object interconnections. The book also provides highlights on the applications of IoT in the development of intelligent structures for technology-enabled  lifestyles. Furthermore, it provides prominent scopes for future inventions in the field of electrical engineering, building system management, and computer-aided advancements. The content of this book is useful to graduate and post-graduate students, researchers, and professionals working on the concept of smart building, smart city, and smart environments.

This is the first book on the Which-Is-Better (WIB) Problem. These are questions that in daily life include such as “Which is larger, younger and stronger?".

The main objective of this book is summarizing WIB Problems in maintenance and reliability theory. Optimal policies of replacement first, last and overtime are derived and compared theoretically and numerically, and WIB policies are determined. Furthermore, the reliability properties of parallel and standby systems are compared, and WIB system is determined. These WIB Problems are applied to shock and damage models and backup and checkpoint models of computer systems.

This book contains multidisciplinary advancements in healthcare and technology through artificial intelligence (AI). The topics are crafted in such a way to cover all the areas of healthcare that require AI for further development. Some of the topics that contain algorithms and techniques are explained with the help of source code developed by the chapter contributors. The book covers the advancements in AI and healthcare from the Covid 19 pandemic and also analyzes the readiness and need for advancements in managing yet another pandemic in the future. Most of the technologies addressed in this book are added with a concept of encapsulation to obtain a cookbook for anyone who needs to reskill or upskill themselves in order to contribute to an advancement in the field. This book benefits students, professionals, and anyone from any background to learn about digital disruptions in healthcare.

This book features the proceedings of the 5^th EAI International Conference on Big Data Innovation for Sustainable Cognitive Computing (BDCC 2022). The papers feature detail on cognitive computing and its self-learning systems that use data mining, pattern recognition and natural language processing (NLP) to mirror the way the human brain works. This international conference focuses on technologies from knowledge representation techniques and natural language processing algorithms to dynamic learning approaches. Topics covered include Data Science for Cognitive Analysis, Real-Time Ubiquitous Data Science, Platform for Privacy Preserving Data Science, and Internet-Based Cognitive Platform.

This book provides information on interdependencies of medicine and telecommunications engineering and how the two must rely on each other to effectively function in this era. The book discusses new techniques for medical service improvisation such as clear-cut views on medical technologies. The authors provide chapters on communication essentiality in healthcare, processing of medical amenities using medical images, the importance of data and information technology in medicine, and machine learning and artificial intelligence in healthcare.  Authors include researchers, academics, and professionals in the field.

This book presents research on how interpretable cognitive IoT can work to help with the massive amount of data in the healthcare industry. The authors give importance to IoT systems with intense machine learning features; this ensures the scope corresponds to use of cognitive IoT for understanding, reasoning, and learning from medical data. The authors discuss the interpretability of an intelligent system and its trustworthiness as a smart tool in the context of massive healthcare applications. As a whole, book combines three important topics: massive data, cognitive IoT, and interpretability. Topics include health data analytics for cognitive IoT, usability evaluation of cognitive IoT for healthcare, interpretable cognitive IoT for health robotics, and wearables in the context of IoT for healthcare. The book acts as a useful reference work for a wide audience including academicians, scientists, students, and professionals.

This book presents various application areas of computing in the automotive sector. The authors explain how computing enhances the performance of vehicles, covering the applications of computing in smart transportation and the future scope. The authors focus on computing for vehicle safety in conjunction with the latest technologies in Internet of Things (IoT). The book provides a holistic approach to computing in an inter-disciplinary and unified view. Topics covered include driverless automated navigation systems, smart transportation, self-learning systems, in-vehicle intelligent systems, and off-road vehicle diagnosis and maintenance, among others. The authors include simulated examples and case studies for better understanding of the technologies and applications. The book is intended for a wide range of readers from students to researchers and industry practitioners and is a useful resource for those planning to pursue research in the area of computing and autonomous driving vehicles.

This book explores and motivates the need for building homogeneous and heterogeneous multi-core systems for machine learning to enable flexibility and energy-efficiency. Coverage focuses on a key aspect of the challenges of (extreme-)edge-computing, i.e., design of energy-efficient and flexible hardware architectures, and hardware-software co-optimization strategies to enable early design space exploration of hardware architectures. The authors investigate possible design solutions for building single-core specialized hardware accelerators for machine learning and motivates the need for building homogeneous and heterogeneous multi-core systems to enable flexibility and energy-efficiency. The advantages of scaling to heterogeneous multi-core systems are shown through the implementation of multiple test chips and architectural optimizations.

This book focuses on the numerous energy harvesting techniques and their system implementation towards the fulfilment of energy requirements in compact electronic devices. These cover a wide range of applications in portable devices, bio-medical services, agriculture needs, mechanical systems, sensor networks, automobiles, food sector, home appliances, industry needs, etc. The authors detail energy harvesting methods using the latest technologies in acoustics, bio-chemical, thermal, artificial light, fluid flow, vibrations, EM energy, RF energy, piezoelectric, electrostatic, photovoltaic, thermoelectric, hybrid harvesting, ultrasonic, infrared, light, wind, and solar. The book is intended for researchers, academics, professionals, and students in energy harvesting.

This book showcases Nigerian and South African experiences on space politics, policy and strategy vis-à-vis their development and security aspirations, while contributing to the broader African and the Global-South perspectives on the subject. Space policy in developing countries such as Nigeria and South Africa is motivated by utilitarian promises that space and the attendant technologies have the potential to advance development and security interests of the affected nations. However, several decades into the orbital journey of these countries, little is known of their space politics, policies, strategies, capacities and capabilities, and realisation of desired objectives. Beyond pure and applied sciences reductionism, this book offers social science perspectives on space studies in Africa, as it examines the intricate relationships of historical, geographical, social, demographic, economic, political, administrative, and strategic factors, nationally, regionally and globally thathave shaped research and development of space science and technologies, and their benefits, in Nigeria and South Africa.

The book provides a comprehensive analysis of Engineering Education in industrialising countries, with Southern Africa as the case study, benchmarked on institutions from the industrialised world, with UK institutions as the reference. This was motivated by the perennial shortage of engineers and engineering skills to drive industry in Southern Africa, compounded by the mismatch of skills between those produced by tertiary institutions and those required by industry. This book focuses on the insufficiencies in training, through addressing the gap where the majority of engineering academics’ qualifications at MSc/MEng level fall short of the internationally acceptable PhD/DEng/DTech. In order to address such insufficiencies, the book proposes and advocates for reskilling and doctoral training of engineering academics through the proposed and established DTCs within the region. The book is targeted at graduate students, engineering academics, researchers, university administrators, foreign aid agencies, captains of industry and policy-makers in governments. To all these readers, the book offers:

This book presents the Fifth International Conference on Safety and Security with IoT (SaSeIoT 2023), which took place Bratislava, Slovakia, October 24-26, 2023. The conference aims to explore not only IoT and its related critical applications but also IoT towards Security and Safety. The conference solicits original and inspiring research contributions from experts, researchers, designers, and practitioners in academia, industry and related fields and provides a common platform to share knowledge, experience and best practices in various domains of IoT.

This book gathers recent research in security and privacy to discuss, evaluate, and improve the novel approaches of data protection in IoT and edge and fog computing. The primary focus of the book addresses security mechanisms in IoT and edge/ fog computing, advanced secure deployments for large scaled edge/ fog computing, and new efficient data security strategy of IoT and edge/ fog computing. The book lays a foundation of the core concepts and principles of IoT and 5G security, walking the reader through the fundamental ideas. This book is aimed at researchers, graduate students, and engineers in the fields of secure IoT and edge/ fog computing. The book also presents selected papers from International Conference on Advanced Computing & Next-Generation Communication (ICACNGC 2022).

This book features the proceedings of the 6th EAI International Conference on Big Data Innovation for Sustainable Cognitive Computing (BDCC 2023). The papers feature detail on cognitive computing and its self-learning systems that use data mining, pattern recognition and natural language processing (NLP) to mirror the way the human brain works. This international conference focuses on technologies from knowledge representation techniques and natural language processing algorithms to dynamic learning approaches. Topics covered include Data Science for Cognitive Analysis, Real-Time Ubiquitous Data Science, Platform for Privacy Preserving Data Science, and Internet-Based Cognitive Platform.

This book reports on advances in manufacturing, with a special emphasis on smart manufacturing and information management systems. It covers sensors, machine vision systems, collaborative technologies, industrial robotics, digital twins, and virtual and mixed reality. Further topics include quality management, supply chain, agile manufacturing, lean management, and sustainable transportation. Chapters report on theoretical research and experimental studies concerning engineering design, simulation, and various machining processes for subtractive and additive manufacturing. It also discusses key aspects related to engineering education and competence management in the Industry 4.0 era. Based on the 7th International Conference on Design, Simulation, Manufacturing: The Innovation Exchange (DSMIE-2024), held on June 4-7, 2024, in Pilsen, Czech Republic, this first volume of a 2-volume set provides academics and professionals with extensive information on technologies, trends, challenges, and practice-oriented experience in all the above-mentioned areas.

The intension of the book is to synthesize classical matrix and tensor methods with object-oriented software techniques and efficient matrix methods for numerical algorithms. The aim is to establish a coherent methodological framework through which the tensor-based modeling of physical phenomena can be seamlessly applied in numerical algorithms without encountering methodological inconsistencies across different sub-areas, like indexed notation of tensors and two- dimensional matrix algebra in symbolic notation.

The key to an effective solution lies in object-oriented numerical structures and software design. The author presents a coherent integration of tensor-based theory through multi-dimensional matrix calculus to object-oriented numeric classes and methods for adequate simulations.

The index-based tensor and matrix notation and the object-oriented overloading of standard operators in C++ offers an innovative means to define comparable matrix operations for processing matrix objects of higher order. Typical applications demonstrate the advantages of this unique integration.

The International Conference for Sustainable Ecological Engineering Design for Society (SEEDS) brings together experts from around the world to focus on changes required to minimize the impact of human activity on the environment. The research presented at the conference directly addresses the imperatives faced in addressing the climate crisis, whether through technological transformation, community collaboration, or resource management – all vital issues when changing and challenging practices within our built environment. The SEEDS Conference is designed to share the knowledge and experience needed to implement research and evidence-based societal change to respond to and address ecological and climate impacts.

This book focuses on the development of multisensor fusion algorithms for wearable devices that are useful in ambulatory health monitoring using signal-processing and deep learning-based methods. The algorithms described account for the signal quality prior to fusion, in order to enable reliable inferences without contributing to additional computational overhead. The content discussed is beneficial in the broad application of multisensor fusion, as the algorithms developed or discussed in the final chapters are generalized cases of the methods developed in the initial chapters, offering relevance to the broader multisensor fusion community.

• Provides a single-source reference to the development of fusion methods and analysis of fusion algorithms
• Treats fusion as a signal-processing-based problem, applied to a wide variety of fusion applications
• Describes a step-by-step methodology for development of a generalized fusion algorithm for any application

This book seeks to examine the profound transformations brought about by the convergence of human-centered principles and advancing cyber-technologies across diverse fields, including industry, environment, healthcare, and interactive media. Each chapter contributes to a broader understanding of how technological progress influences and shapes our social, economic, and ecological landscapes. Part I of the book focuses on the emergence of human-centricity in flexible industries and organizations. The formation of human-centric approaches in management strategies ensures that businesses remain adaptable to rapid changes while maintaining a focus on people. The incorporation of digital configurations allows for greater control over complex organizational systems, fostering flexibility and responsiveness. Additionally, models like Haken’s framework help assess socio-economic conditions, enabling regions to make informed decisions about growth and sustainability. The influence of market dynamics, particularly the effects of demand and cost fluctuations in oligopolistic markets, underscores the complexity of contemporary business ecosystems. Moreover, optimization techniques such as those employed in airline crew scheduling demonstrate the potential for enhanced efficiency when driven by advanced algorithms. Finally, the creation of cargo port risk management models illustrates how technology can mitigate systemic vulnerabilities. In Part II, attention shifts to environmental and ecological challenges. Multidimensional statistical tools analyze agricultural productivity, while small data sample modeling aids in optimizing resource-intensive processes like floodwater management. Innovative machine learning methods further refine the prediction of river flows and other hydrological phenomena. Simulations of fine dust particle dynamics provide deeper insights into atmospheric turbulence, while analyses of vehicular emissions shed light on urban pollution patterns. Part III turns to healthcare innovations, highlighting the role of machine learning in detecting breast cancer risks. Features derived from diagnostic models enhance the precision of detection, and cyber-physical systems leverage thermographic imagery to predict malignancies with greater accuracy.

This book explores the rationale behind using incremental analog-to-digital converters (IADCs), delving into their theoretical principles, tradeoffs, and practical considerations in architectural and circuit design. The authors provide a general foundational knowledge, exploring the history of incremental operation and revising the working principle of free-running Delta-Sigma ADCs, in order to compare them with the incremental ADC. The IADC revises time- and frequency domain approaches to understand the incremental ADC as a periodically time-variant mixed-signal system. Various options for the reconstruction filter are revised together with system level design approaches and tools. The influence of non-idealities and countermeasures are analyzed and simulated. Enhanced architectures are finally explored and compared to give the reader a complete overview of the topic of Incremental ADCs.

This book is a comprehensive exploration of the fundamental principles and contemporary applications of cyber-physical systems (CPS) in various engineering disciplines. This book is structured into five thematic sections, each addressing unique facets of CPS integration and digital transformation in engineering practices. This book opens the discussion by examining the creation and utilization of digital twins and computational models in diverse engineering contexts. Chapter 1 focuses on the digital twin of a functional food product, while subsequent chapters address the modeling of gas well operations under flooding conditions, productivity assessment of horizontal wells with multistage hydraulic fracturing, carbonate reservoir acid treatments, and thermal power plant optimization with combined cycle gas turbines. This book transitions to the specific challenges and opportunities presented by CPS in chemical engineering. Chapters cover the analysis of rarefied flow formation in chemical technology apparatuses, parameter estimation for optimizing polymer compositions, and decision support systems for automating ore phosphate charge production. This book delves into the broader landscape of heterogeneous environments within CPS. Topics include structural-parametric synthesis of global optimization algorithms, the application of pass-through structures for ultra-wideband information processing, and numerical modeling of acoustic instability in supersonic flows. Discussions encompass molecular fingerprint-based analyses of chemical formulas in patents, flexible word linking concepts for verifying recognized administrative documents and quality control mechanisms for administrative document recognition. Chapters highlight integrated computer systems for coke oven battery design training, software for studying key distribution schemes, and formalizations of mental models in human operators. This book is intended for researchers, practitioners, and students interested in the intersection of cyber-physical systems and engineering in the digital era. It provides a holistic view of current trends and best practices, offering valuable insights into the transformative potential of CPS across various engineering domains.

The book gathers several contributions by historians of physics, philosophers of science and scientists as new essays in the history of physics ranging across the entire field, related in most instances to the works of Salvo D'Agostino (1921-2020), one of the field's most prominent scholars since the second half of the past century. A phenomenon is an observable measurable fact, including data modelling, assumptions/laws. A mechanical phenomenon is associated to equilibrium/motion. Are all mechanisms mechanisms of a phenomenon? Scholars with different backgrounds discuss mechanism/phenomena from an historical point of view. The book is also devoted to understanding of causations of disequilibrium (shock, gravitational, attraction/repulsion, inertia, entropy, etc.), including changes/interaction in the framework of irregular cases of modern physics as well. The book is an accessible avenue to understanding phenomena, ideas and mechanisms by leading authorities who offer much-needed historical insights into the field and on the relationship Physics–Mathematics. It provides an absorbing and revealing read for historians, philosophers and scientists alike.

This book gathers the proceedings of the 11th International Conference on E-Health and Bioengineering, EHB2023, held in hybrid form on November 9–10, 2023, in/from Bucharest, Romania. This second volume of a 3-volume set reports on methods for and results from health technology assessment processes, on advances in biosignal processing, medical imaging, informatics and big data in medicine, and current knowledge concerning the design and evaluation of medical devices. It addresses a broad audience of researchers and professionals working at the interface between medicine, informatics, bioengineering, and electrical and mechanical engineering.

This book reports on cutting-edge research on social and occupational ergonomics, presenting innovative contributions to the optimization of sociotechnical management systems related to organizational, policy, and logistical issues. It discusses timely topics related to communication, crew resource management, work design, participatory design, as well as teamwork, community ergonomics, cooperative work, and warning systems, and explores new work paradigms, organizational cultures, virtual organizations, telework, and quality management. The book also describes pioneering infrastructures implemented for different purposes such as urban, health, and enterprise, and examines the changing role of automated systems, offering innovative solutions that address the needs of particular populations. Based on the AHFE 2018 International Conference on Social and Occupational Ergonomics, held in Orlando, Florida, USA on July 21–25, 2018, the book provides readers with a comprehensive overview of the current challenges in both organizational and occupational ergonomics, highlighting key connections between them and underlining the importance of emotional factors in influencing human performance.